Feline inflammatory bowel disease is also known as feline IBD. It is one of the most common gastrointestinal problems experienced by cats. The condition occurs when inflammatory cells penetrate the lining of the digestive tract. Middle-aged and older cats are most susceptible to the disease, but it can occur in cats of any age. There is no known cause.

Forms

There are several forms of feline inflammatory bowel disease. The inflammatory cells can penetrate anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. They can affect the small or large intestine or both of them at the same time. The stomach can also be affected by them.

Symptoms

The two most common symptoms of feline inflammatory bowel disease are vomiting and diarrhea. Cats also experience increased thirst and appetite. Other common symptoms of feline IBD include abdominal pain, belching, gas, and weight loss. Diarrhea and vomiting brought on by the disease can leave your cat dehydrated which can be life-threatening.

Diagnosis

The best way to make a definitive diagnosis of feline IBD is to perform a biopsy of gastrointestinal tissue. A sample can be obtained during surgery. Viral infections such as immunodeficiency or leukemia virus can cause some of the same symptoms as those caused by feline inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, the vet will have to rule out these conditions before making a positive diagnosis. Other diagnostic methods include urinalysis, abdominal x-rays, ultrasounds, and blood tests.

Treatment

Feline inflammatory bowel disease can be treated with medication, a change in diet, or both. Some cats experience this condition because they are overly sensitive to certain foods. The vet may suggest a change in your cat’s diet to try to isolate the problem. The drawback of this treatment method is that it can take weeks for symptoms to resolve.

Corticosteroids are used medicinally to treat cats with IBD. These medications help suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation. Corticosteroids are usually taken orally, but they can also be administered via injection. In some cases, it may be necessary for your cat to take antibiotics.

You should be aware that most cases of feline inflammatory bowel disease can’t be cured. However, it is possible to control the symptoms via medication and diet. If you don’t administer the treatment program closely, your cat will start to show symptoms of the disease again.