Feline distemper, also referred to as Feline Panleukopenia, is a serious disease with a high mortality rate. It is caused by a highly contagious virus that can survive in the environment for years. The virus can be transmitted to the cat through contact with humans or other cats. Feline distemper is often transmitted via food and water bowls, bedding, litter pans, and mutual grooming with other cats.
Symptoms
After your cat has been exposed to the virus that causes feline distemper, it will start to show symptoms within 10 days. Initial symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, depression, and lack of eating and drinking. Cats with feline distemper will often stop grooming themselves and have a rough coat. A haw, also known as the third eyelid, may also appear in the inner corner of their eye.
Diagnosis
Like most illnesses, it’s best to diagnose and treat feline distemper as early as possible. When your cat is showing symptoms of the disease, the veterinarian will have to perform a blood test. A drop in the white blood cell count or antibodies to the virus will confirm a diagnosis of feline distemper.
Treatment
After being diagnosed with feline distemper, your cat will need immediate treatment. As mentioned earlier, vomiting and diarrhea are two common symptoms, so treatment involves alleviating these two conditions to prevent dehydration. The cat will also need antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections until its immune system can take over. In some cases of feline distemper, a blood transfusion may be necessary.
Prevention
One of the best ways to help prevent feline distemper is through vaccination. Kittens should receive the vaccine when they are between eight and ten weeks old. The cat will also need to receive a booster every one to three years. Also, the virus can live in the environment for years in the carpet and upholstery in your home. Normal household disinfectants are capable of killing the virus that causes feline distemper.